The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics 2014 , Vol 56 , Num 3
Bronchiolitis Obliterans Caused by CMV in a Previously Healthy Asian Infant
1Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, and Departments of 2Pediatrics and 3Radiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea. E-mail: Jina1477@dau.ac.kr Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is currently the most common cause of congenital infection and the leading infectious cause of brain damage and hearing loss in children. Perinatal CMV infection rarely causes clinical manifestations in normal individuals and usually follows a benign course in immunocompetent infants. However, ~15-25% of infected preterm infants may develop pneumonia, hepatitis or sepsis-like illness, bradycardia, hepatosplenomegaly, distended bowel, anemia, or thrombocytopenia. Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a rare, fibrosing form of chronic obstructive lung disease that follows severe insults to the lower respiratory tract and results in narrowing and/or complete obliteration of the small airways. In non-transplant children, the most common form of BO is a severe lower respiratory tract infection, especially of adenovirus. We experienced a case of a 37-day-old male who was diagnosed as BO on chest computed tomography (CT) after CMV pneumonia. To our best knowledge, this is the first case of BO caused by CMV pneumonia in a healthy infant. Keywords : healthy infant, CMV pneumonia, bronchiolitis obliterans.
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