The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
2013 , Vol 55 , Num 3
Diet and Physical Activity Interventions Do Have Effects on Body Composition and Metabolic Syndrome Parameters in Overweight and Obese Adolescents and Their Mothers
1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Kırıkkale University Faculty of Health Sciences, Kırıkkale, and 2Division of
Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
E-mail: fnisanci@mynet.com
To determine the effects of lifestyle intervention and diet on body composition,
anthropometric measurements, and metabolic syndrome (MS) in obese and
overweight adolescents and their mothers, a diet and lifestyle intervention
program was administered for 16 weeks to 19 9-17-year-old (12.52±2.85 years)
adolescents (female/male, 8/11) with a body mass index (BMI) value over
the 90th percentile; hemoglobin (Hb)A1C, fasting insulin, homeostasis model
assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein
levels of the adolescents and anthropometric measurements of the mothers
were compared. In some of the anthropometric values (body weight (BW),
BMI, waist circumference (WC), skinfold thicknesses, body fat tissue, and lean
tissue mass), a statistically significant difference was observed in pre- and
post-application measurements (p<0.05). There was a significant difference
in pre- and post-application values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure
and some biochemical parameters (uric acid, total cholesterol, high density
lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and HOMA-IR) (p<0.05);
however, there was no significant difference in pre- and post-application
values of fasting blood glucose, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase,
albumin, HbA1C, fasting insulin, and fibrinogen (p>0.05). MS was observed
in 52.6% of the participants at baseline, and this rate was found as 15.8%
based on the measurements carried out at week 16, which is a statistically
significant decrease (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference
in pre- and post-study values of BW, BMI, body fat mass, basal metabolic
rate, WC, hip circumference, hip/waist, and skinfold thickness in mothers.
A 16-week diet and lifestyle intervention program for overweight and obese
adolescents involving their mothers resulted in significant improvement in
obesity and MS treatment.
Keywords :
adolescents, obesity, diet, physical activity, metabolic syndrome